Appearance
1、开发环境
Nacos | 2.2.3 |
---|---|
Maven | 3.8.2 |
SpringCloudAlibaba | 2022.0.0.0 |
SpringBoot | 3.2.0 |
Java | 17 |
SpringCloud | 2023.0.0-RC1 |
2、准备工作
2.1、 下载Nacos (https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases)
2.2、 启动Nacos
Linux/Unix/Mac
启动命令(standalone代表着单机模式运行,非集群模式):
sh startup.sh -m standalone
如果您使用的是ubuntu系统,或者运行脚本报错提示[[符号找不到,可尝试如下运行:
bash startup.sh -m standalone
Windows 启动命令(standalone代表着单机模式运行,非集群模式):
startup.cmd -m standalone
3、工程创建
3.1、使用maven创建父工程(删除src文件) pom.xml文件如下
xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.su</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringCloud_Two</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<!--Maven 属性,定义了一些配置属性-->
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<java.version>17</java.version> <!--java 版本-->
<spring-cloud.version>2023.0.0-RC1</spring-cloud.version> <!--Spring Cloud 版本-->
<spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2022.0.0.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version> <!--Spring Cloud Alibaba 版本-->
<spring-boot-version>3.2.0</spring-boot-version>
</properties>
<!-- 定义了依赖的管理信息 -->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- SpringBoot的依赖配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot-version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringCloud的依赖配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<!-- 指定 Spring Cloud 的版本 -->
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<!-- Project Object Model 这表示它不包含实际的库,而是用于管理其他依赖的版本 -->
<type>pom</type>
<!-- 这个依赖的作用范围为 import,表示该依赖仅用于 Maven 的依赖管理,而不会直接参与项目的编译和运行 -->
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring-cloud-alibaba 依赖管理 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<modules>
<module>spring-provider</module>
<module>spring-consumer</module>
</modules>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<repositories>
<!-- 仓库配置的具体仓库 -->
<repository>
<!-- 仓库的唯一标识 -->
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<!-- 仓库的名字 -->
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<!-- 仓库的地址 -->
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
<!-- 配置是否启用快照版本 -->
<snapshots>
<!-- 禁用快照版本,即不从该仓库获取快照版本 -->
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
</project>
3.2、创建spring-provider与spring-consumer子工程
3.2.0、spring-provider -> pom.xml
xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.su</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringCloud_Two</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.su</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-provider</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>spring-provider</name>
<description>spring-provider</description>
<properties>
<java.version>17</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring web Starter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring cloud bootstrap SpringCloud 2020.* 版本把bootstrap移除导致读取不到 bootstrap.properties.-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring cloud Starter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- nacos -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 服务提供消费 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- openfeign -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.2.1、在spring-provider工程中添加bootstrap.properties文件
properties
server.port=8070
spring.application.name=service-provider
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
3.2.2、修改启动器以提供服务注册功能
java
package com.su.springprovider;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@SpringBootApplication
//提供服务注册功能
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class SpringProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringProviderApplication.class, args);
}
@RestController
static class EchoController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/echo/{string}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String echo(@PathVariable(name = "string") String string) {
System.out.println(string);
return "Hello Nacos Discovery " + string;
}
}
}
3.2.3、spring-consumer -> pom.xml
xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.su</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringCloud_Two</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.su</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-consumer</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>spring-consumer</name>
<description>spring-consumer</description>
<properties>
<java.version>17</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--解决:Did you forget to include spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer?-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-loadbalancer</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.2.4、 在spring-consumer的application.properties添加
properties
spring.application.name=service-consumer
server.port=18082
spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
3.2.5、新建EchoService
java
package com.su.springconsumer;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@FeignClient(name = "service-provider")
public interface EchoService {
@RequestMapping(value = "/echo/{str}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
String echo(@PathVariable(name = "str") String str);
}
3.2.6、新建TestController
java
package com.su.springconsumer;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
public class TestController {
private final RestTemplate restTemplate;
private final EchoService echoService;
public TestController(RestTemplate restTemplate, EchoService echoService) {
this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
this.echoService = echoService;
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/echo-rest/{str}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String rest(@PathVariable(name = "str") String str) {
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://service-provider/echo/" + str,
String.class);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/echo-feign/{str}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String feign(@PathVariable(name = "str") String str) {
return echoService.echo(str);
}
}
3.2.7、修改启动器
java
package com.su.springconsumer;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class SpringConsumerApplication {
@LoadBalanced
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
}
3.2.8 启动spring-provider与spring-consumer
4、测试
4.1、服务列表
在浏览器打开(http://127.0.0.1:8848/nacos)可以看见 在左侧导航栏中打开服务管理/服务列表可以看见我们的两个服务
4.2、测试服务
浏览器打开
http://127.0.0.1:18082/echo-rest/rest-rest
http://127.0.0.1:18082/echo-feign/feign-rest
可以发现spring-consumer消费了spring-provider提供的服务